NecessaryPig

bath and body products

2006-08-10T20:35:00.000-07:00

I am a keen internet surfer and I love Talking Scents bath and body products. Their bath bombs not on smell great but they have a fantastic range of competitively priced essential oils.

Karting UK

2006-07-27T06:00:00.000-07:00

Formula Nuts is a grass roots Karting Competition which will provide enthusiasts with an opportunity to be a Motor Racing driver at Silverstone. The winner will race with team nuts at the BTCC. Team Nuts and Virgin have a team for the last 5 races of the BTCCwith Dave Pinkney. KartingQualifying heats will be in the following areas: Karting Edinburgh, Karting Newcastle, Karting Manchester, Karting Liverpool, Karting Birmingham, Karting Bristol, Karting Cardiff and Karting London.

UK Karting Championship

2006-07-20T08:30:00.000-07:00

Formula Nuts brought to you by Drive Sport will be putting together a UK Karting event where the winner will get to race at Silverstone. Karting time trials will be held at the following locations; Karting London, Karting Manchester, Karting Liverpool, Karting Birmingham, Karting Nottingham, Karting Leeds, Karting Newcastle, Karting Sunderland, Karting Bristol, Karting Cardiff, Karting Devon, Karting Midlands, Karting Edinburgh,Karting Glasgowand Karting in Wales

Scorsese, Martin

2006-01-26T13:50:00.000-08:00

Scorsese was a frail, asthmatic child who grew up in New York City in an Italian-American neighbourhood on the Lower East Side of Manhattan. His early interest in film returned after he tried unsuccessfully to enter the Roman Catholic

Appoggiatura

2005-11-17T16:45:00.000-08:00

(from Italian appoggiare, “to lean”), in music, an ornamental note of long or short duration that temporarily displaces, and subsequently resolves into, a main note, usually by stepwise motion. During the Renaissance and early Baroque, the appoggiatura was of moderate length, averaging one-third of the main note, and was more in the nature of a melodic than a harmonic ornament.

Albacore

2005-10-15T00:35:00.000-07:00

Also spelled Albicore (species Thunnus alalunga), large oceanic fish noted for its fine flesh. The bluefin tuna (T. thynnus) is also sometimes called albacore. See tuna.

Japan, Sea Of

2005-07-28T10:30:00.000-07:00

Japanese Nihon-kai, Russian Yaponskoye More, Korean Tonghae, marginal sea of the western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded by Japan and Sakhalin Island to the east and by Russia and Korea on the Asian mainland to the west. (The Korean name means “East Sea.”) Its area is 377,600 square miles (978,000 square kilometres). It has a mean depth of 5,748 feet (1,752 metres) and a maximum depth of 12,276 feet (3,742 metres).

Tsushima, Battle Of

2005-07-26T16:05:00.000-07:00

The Japanese had been unable to secure the complete command of the sea because the Russian naval squadrons at Port Arthur and Vladivostok made sorties and both sides suffered losses in the ensuing engagements. Meanwhile, the Russian government decided

Meteor Crater

2005-07-24T05:00:00.000-07:00

Also called Barringer Meteorite Crater, Coon Butte, Arizona Meteor Crater, or Canyon Diablo, rimmed, bowl-shaped pit produced by a large meteorite in the rolling plain of the Canyon Diablo region, 19 miles (30 km) west of Winslow, Arizona, U.S. The crater is 4,000 feet (1,200 metres) in diameter and about 600 feet (180 metres) deep inside its rim, which rises nearly 200 feet (60 metres) above the plain. Drillings reveal undisturbed rock beneath 700–800 feet (213–244 metres) of fill. The strata forming the rim of the crater

São Leopoldo

2005-07-07T06:20:00.000-07:00

São Leopoldo serves an agricultural region producing

World War I, The Caucasus, 191416

2005-06-13T18:45:00.000-07:00

The Caucasian front between Russia and Turkey comprised two battlegrounds: Armenia in the west, Azerbaijan in the east. While the ultimate strategic objectives for the Turks were to capture the Baku oilfields in Azerbaijan and to penetrate Central Asia and Afghanistan in order to threaten British India, they needed first to capture the Armenian fortress of Kars,

Ikhwan

2005-06-02T13:55:00.000-07:00

Ibn Sa'ud began organizing the Ikhwan in 1912 with hopes of making them a reliable and stable source of an elite army corps. In order to break their traditional

Philadelphia Orchestra

2005-05-31T08:50:00.000-07:00

From Stokowski's tenure, the orchestra was renowned for its interpretation of the symphonic

Aardvark

2005-05-16T23:50:00.000-07:00

Also called African Ant Bear (Orycteropus afer), heavily built mammal, ranging south of the Sahara in forest or plain, that constitutes the family Orycteropodidae and the order Tubulidentata. The name aardvark—Afrikaans for “earth pig”—refers to its stout, piglike body, up to 180 centimetres (6 feet) long, including the 60-cm tail. Its coat varies from glossy black and full to sandy yellow

Toronto, Theatre's Third City

2005-05-14T21:30:00.000-07:00

By the 1990s Toronto had quietly become the third-largest theatre centre in the English-speaking world, after New York City and London. With a population approaching four million in the metropolitan area, Toronto had come to serve as host to a wide range of theatrical activity, from fringe festivals in the summer to several midsize, not-for-profit theatres, national and

V.c.

2005-03-15T01:37:00.000-08:00

Recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest military award bestowed in Great Britain. See Victoria Cross.

Albert

2005-03-14T07:57:00.000-08:00

Albert was the younger son of John Cicero, elector of Brandenburg. Albert became archbishop of Magdeburg and administrator of the bishopric of Halberstadt

Arnsberg

2005-03-12T18:45:00.000-08:00

Regierungsbezirk (administrative district), east-central North Rhine - Westphalia Land (state), western Germany. Arnsberg is bordered by Hesse Land to the east, Rhineland-Palatinate Land to the southwest, and the Regierungsbezirke of K�ln and D�sseldorf to the west and M�nster and Detmold to the north. The largest of five districts in North Rhine - Westphalia, it occupies

Zile

2005-03-07T23:47:00.000-08:00

The town is an important local commercial

Wellesz, Egon (joseph)

2005-03-06T19:10:00.000-08:00

A pupil of Guido Adler in musicology and of Arnold Schoenberg in composition, Wellesz taught at the University of Vienna (1930 - 38) before settling in England (1939), where he became an influential teacher at the University of Oxford. His scholarly

Los Angeles Times

2005-03-05T17:52:00.000-08:00

It was established in 1881, and in 1884 Harrison Gray Otis purchased and incorporated the Times under a public corporation, The Times-Mirror Company (the hyphen was later dropped from the name). The paper prospered, soon becoming an important

Hana

2005-03-04T06:31:00.000-08:00

Village and valley, Maui county, on the east-central coast of Maui Island, Hawaii, U.S. The village, on the shore of Hana Bay, was for many years an isolated enclave of ancient Hawaiian culture. Captain James Cook, the English explorer-navigator, anchored in the bay in 1778, and missionaries arrived about 40 years later. Modern resort facilities have been developed near the adjacent

Wagon Train

2005-03-03T22:13:00.000-08:00

Caravan of wagons organized by settlers in the United States for emigration to the West during the late 18th and most of the 19th centuries. Composed of up to 100 Conestoga wagons (q.v.; sometimes called prairie schooners), wagon trains soon became the prevailing mode of long-distance overland transportation for both people and goods. Wagon-train transportation moved westward

Tiffany, Charles Lewis

2005-03-02T22:26:00.000-08:00

Tiffany went to New York City in 1837 and with John B. Young opened a stationery and fancy-goods store, which soon expanded to offer jewelry and silverware as well. It became Tiffany, Young,

Sothern, Edward Hugh

2005-03-01T16:40:00.000-08:00

The son of the English comedian Edward Askew Sothern, he made his first stage appearance with his father's company in New York City in 1879. He toured England in 1882 and 1883 and became leading comedian in John

Orage, Alfred Richard

2005-02-28T04:29:00.000-08:00

Orage became an elementary school teacher at Leeds, Yorkshire, in 1893, lectured on theosophy, and in 1900 helped found the avant-garde Leeds Arts Club. He moved to London in 1906 and became joint editor in 1907 of The New Age, a periodical of which from 1909 on he was the sole editor and dominant spirit. The New

Germanic Peoples

2005-02-27T17:23:00.000-08:00

No trace of autocracy can be found among the Germans whom Caesar describes. The leading men of the pagi (kindred groups) would try to patch up disputes as they arose, but they acted only in those disputes that broke out between members of their own pagus. There appears to have been no mediatory body at this date. In fact, in peacetime there appears to have been no central

Aquaculture: Fulfilling Its Promise

2005-02-26T10:30:00.000-08:00

For 25 centuries fish farming (aquaculture) has been a mainstay of Asian agriculture. Throughout China, India, and Thailand, it prospered on traditional small-scale farms. In recent years, however, fish farming has begun to suffer from problems associated with rapid growth and careless stewardship. As the 20th century draws to a close, aquaculture must redefine itself

Ekrem, Recaizade Mahmud

2005-02-25T19:10:00.000-08:00

The son of a poet and scholar, Ekrem was apprenticed to a number of government offices after his formal education. Later he became an official in the Council of State and a teacher of Turkish literature at the

Forsterite-fayalite Series

2005-02-24T00:46:00.000-08:00

These minerals are common

Constructivism

2005-02-23T19:36:00.000-08:00

Russian �Konstruktivizm� Russian artistic and architectural movement that was first influenced by Cubism and Futurism and is generally considered to have been initiated in 1913 with the �painting reliefs� - abstract geometric constructions - of Vladimir Tatlin. The expatriate Russian sculptors Antoine Pevsner and Naum Gabo joined Tatlin and his followers in Moscow, and upon publication

Acosta, Jos� De

2005-02-22T19:17:00.000-08:00

Jesuit theologian and missionary to the New World, chiefly known for his Historia natural y moral de las Indias, the earliest survey of the New World and its relation to the Old. His works, missionary and literary, mark the end of the period of the religious and scientific incorporation of the newly discovered lands into Western

Termini Imerese

2005-02-21T03:25:00.000-08:00

Latin �Thermae Himerenses, � town, Palermo province, northern Sicily, Italy, on the Golfo (gulf) di Termini Imerese (an inlet of the Tyrrhenian Sea), southeast of Palermo city. It was possibly a Phoenician seaport or trading station, and its well-known thermal saline springs were praised by the 6th - 5th-century BC Greek poet Pindar. The Carthaginians called it Thermae Himerenses after their destruction

Eliot, John

2005-02-20T14:01:00.000-08:00

Eliot graduated from Jesus College, Cambridge, in 1622 and emigrated to Boston in 1631. From 1632 to his death he was pastor of the church at nearby Roxbury.

Thomas, Saint

2005-02-18T03:11:00.000-08:00

Thomas' character is outlined in The Gospel

Aaron

2005-02-17T10:56:00.000-08:00

Aaron is described in the Old Testament book of Exodus as a son of Amram and Jochebed of the tribe of Levi, three years older than his brother Moses. He acted together with his brother in the desperate situation of the Israelites in Egypt and took an active part in the Exodus. Although Moses was the actual leader, Aaron acted as his �mouth.� The two brothers went to the pharaoh

Alexander

2005-02-16T03:25:00.000-08:00

Alexander carried on the hopeless struggle of the crown against the growing power of the Polish senate and nobles, who deprived him of financial control and curtailed his prerogative. For want of funds, Alexander was unable to assist the Grand Master

Struve, Pyotr Berngardovich

2005-02-15T18:46:00.000-08:00

While studying economic theory and history at the University of St. Petersburg, Struve became a Marxist. The Marxist analysis of Russian capitalism that he presented in 1894 in his Kriticheskiye zametki k voprocy ob ekonomicheskom razviti rossi (�Critical Remarks on

Morales, Luis De

2005-02-14T21:07:00.000-08:00

Morales may have studied with the Flemish painter Hernando

East Devon

2005-02-13T19:45:00.000-08:00

District, administrative and historic county of Devon, southwestern England, in the southeastern part of the county and bordering Lyme Bay of the English Channel to the south. East Devon is historically known for its handmade lace and carpet-making industries in the eastern interior market towns of Honiton and Axminster. High-quality limestone has been quarried

Diels, Otto Paul Hermann

2005-02-12T00:37:00.000-08:00

Diels studied chemistry at the University of Berlin under Emil Fischer and after various appointments was made professor of chemistry at the University of Kiel

Qoboza, Percy (peter)

2005-02-10T03:30:00.000-08:00

After studying theology in Basutoland (now Lesotho) and at Pax Training College in Pietersburg (1959), Qoboza turned to journalism and joined the staff of the World (1963); he became editor in 1974. Under his leadership,

Pacific Ocean, Tides

2005-02-09T21:24:00.000-08:00

In contrast to the tides of the Atlantic - which are almost always semi-diurnal (i.e., twice-daily) occurrences - those of the Pacific include many instances of diurnal (daily) and mixed tides. In the diurnal type of tidal oscillation, only a single high water and a single low water occur each tidal day (which lasts for about 24 hours and 50 minutes). Tides of this type occur in the Gulfs

Saw, U

2005-02-08T10:46:00.000-08:00

Unlike most other Burmese politicians, U Saw was not university-educated. He held a license to plead some types of legal cases, however, and helped in the defense

Coquecigrue

2005-02-07T03:58:00.000-08:00

An imaginary creature regarded as an embodiment of absolute absurdity. Fran�ois Rabelais in Gargantua uses the phrase � la venue des cocquecigrues to mean �never.� Charles Kingsley in The Water Babies has the fairy Bedonebyasyoudid report that there are seven things he is forbidden to tell until �the coming of the Cocqcigrues.� The word is of French origin.

Amanita

2005-02-06T10:12:00.000-08:00

Among the deadliest of all mushrooms are the destroying angels

Tsimlyansk Reservoir

2005-02-05T21:55:00.000-08:00

Russian �Tsimlyanskoye Vodokhranilishche, � reservoir created by a giant barrage (dam) at the great bend of the Don River, near the town of Tsimlyansk in Rostov oblast (province), southern Russia. The reservoir, about 160 miles (257 kilometres) long, was constructed in 1950 - 51 in connection with the building of the Volga-Don Shipping Canal. It provides hydroelectric power and irrigation water for the extensive vineyards and market

Vieira, Ant�nio

2005-02-04T04:32:00.000-08:00

Vieira went to Brazil with his parents as a child of six. Educated at the

M�

2005-02-02T18:40:00.000-08:00

English �Moen� island, Storstr�m amtskommune (county commune), Denmark. The island has an area of 84 square miles (218 square km) and lies in the Baltic Sea. It is separated from southern Sj�lland (Zealand) by the Ulv Strait and from Falster Island by the Gr�n Strait. It is primarily flat except on the east coast, where white chalk cliffs covered with beech forests rise above 450 feet (137 m) in places. The

Ammers-k�ller, Jo Van

2005-02-01T09:50:00.000-08:00

Van Ammers-K�ller began her writing career as a playwright. Her first successful novels, Het huis der vreugden (1922; The House of Joy) and Jenny Huysten (1923; Jenny Huysten's Career), deal with life in and around the theatre and draw on her experiences as a dramatist in London from 1912 to 1921. Her most successful

Mardalsfossen

2005-01-31T14:03:00.000-08:00

Waterfall at the head of Eikesdalsvatnet (lake), east-southeast of �ndalsnes, Nor. It consists of two cataracts in Mard�la district of M�re og Romsdal fylke (county), western Norway. The falls rank among the highest in the world, with their total drop of 1,696 ft (517 m) and individual descents of 974 and 722 ft. During the period of maximum snow melting in the spring, the waterfalls, descending

Rosten, Leo

2005-01-30T02:26:00.000-08:00

At age three Rosten immigrated with his parents to Chicago. He graduated from the University of Chicago in 1930 and received his Ph.D. in 1937. After working as a screenwriter

Indianista Novel

2005-01-29T16:47:00.000-08:00

Brazilian literary genre of the 19th century that idealizes the simple life of the South American Indian. The tone of the Indianista novel is one of languid nostalgia and saudade, a brooding melancholy and reverence for nature characteristic of Portuguese and Brazilian literature. The Indian had appeared as a fictional character in Brazilian literature from

Shadows, The

2005-01-28T15:11:00.000-08:00

London-based instrumental rock group whose distinctive sound exerted a strong influence on young British musicians in the 1960s. The original members were Hank B. Marvin (original name Brian Robson Rankin; b. Oct. 28, 1941, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, Eng.), Bruce Welch (original name Bruce Cripps; b. Nov. 2, 1941, Bognor Regis, Sussex), Jet Harris (byname of Terence Harris; b.

Huxley, T.h.

2005-01-27T22:59:00.000-08:00

In full �Thomas Henry Huxley� English biologist, educator, and advocate of agnosticism (he coined the word). Huxley's vigorous public support of Charles Darwin's evolutionary naturalism earned him the nickname �Darwin's bulldog,� while his organizational efforts, public lectures, and writing helped elevate the place of science in modern

Jackson, Andrew

2005-01-26T06:46:00.000-08:00

Jackson approached the problems of the presidency as he had approached all other problems in life. He met each issue as it arose, and he exhibited the same vigour and determination in carrying out decisions that had characterized his conduct as commander of an army. He made it clear from the outset that he would be the master of his own administration, and, at times, he was so strong-willed and decisive that his enemies referred to him as �King Andrew I.� In making decisions and policy, Jackson relied on an informal group of newspaper editors and politicians who had helped elect him; they came to be known as his "kitchen cabinet."

Ovulation

2005-01-25T05:58:00.000-08:00

Release of a mature egg from the female ovary; the release enables the egg to be fertilized by the male sperm cells. Normally, in humans, only one egg is released at one time; occasionally, two or more erupt during the menstrual cycle. The egg erupts from the ovary on the 14th to 16th day of the approximately 28-day menstrual cycle. If not fertilized, the egg is passed from the reproductive

La Roche, Sophie Von

2005-01-24T05:29:00.000-08:00

German writer whose first and most important work, Geschichte des Fr�uleins von Sternheim (1771; History of Lady Sophia Sternheim), was the first German novel written by a woman and is considered to be among the best works from the period in which English novels, particularly those of Samuel Richardson,

Reformed League

2005-01-23T22:30:00.000-08:00

The Reformed League founded religious journals and institutions for the education

Gamete

2005-01-22T22:25:00.000-08:00

Sex, or reproductive, cell containing only one set of dissimilar chromosomes, or half of the genetic material necessary to form a complete organism (i.e., haploid). During fertilization, male and female gametes fuse, producing a diploid (i.e., containing paired chromosomes) zygote. Gametes may be identical in form (isogamy), as in the black mold (Rhizopus), or there may be more

Ju�rez

2005-01-21T22:06:00.000-08:00

The city's historic buildings include the Guadalupe mission

Medicine, Naval and air force medicine

2005-01-20T07:46:00.000-08:00

Naval medical services are run on lines similar to those of the army. Junior medical officers are attached to ships or to shore stations and deal with most cases of sickness in their units. When at sea, medical officers have an exceptional degree of responsibility in that they work alone, unless they are on a very large ship. In peacetime, only the larger ships carry a

Biblical Literature, Apocryphal and pseudepigraphal writings

2005-01-19T22:15:00.000-08:00

The importance of the discovery is very great; the scrolls of books of the Old Testament caused a new evaluation of the history of the text of the Hebrew Bible; fragments of the Apocrypha (Sirach and Tobit) and of already known and unknown Pseudepigrapha enlarge knowledge about Jewish literature of the intertestamental period, and the properly sectarian scrolls

Abbott, Berenice

2005-01-18T23:07:00.000-08:00

Hank O'Neal, Berenice Abbott: American Photographer (1982); Bonnie Yochelson, Berenice Abbott: Changing New York (1997).

Hesse-kassel

2005-01-17T18:37:00.000-08:00

In 1567 Hesse was partitioned among four sons of Landgrave Philip the Magnanimous, Hesse-Kassel going to William IV the Wise. Hesse-Kassel was the largest, most important, and most northerly of the four Hesse landgraviates. The landgrave William IV introduced sound financial management and a pacific

Incest

2005-01-16T13:35:00.000-08:00

Sexual relations between persons who, because of the nature of their kin relationships, are prohibited by law or custom from intermarrying. Because, cross-culturally, incest is more an emotional than a legal issue, the term taboo is generally preferred over prohibition. The incest taboo is acknowledged in anthropology as universal, although it is imposed differently

Paleoclimatology

2005-01-15T15:23:00.000-08:00

Also spelled �Palaeoclimatology, � scientific study of the extended climatic conditions of past geologic ages. Paleoclimatologists seek to explain climate variations for all parts of the Earth during any given geologic period, beginning with the time of the Earth's formation. Many related fields contribute to the field of paleoclimatology, but the basic research data are drawn mainly from geology

Zakrzewska, Marie Elizabeth

2005-01-14T20:10:00.000-08:00

Zakrzewska early developed a strong interest in medicine, and at age 20 she was admitted to the school for midwives at the

Romanus I Lecapenus

2005-01-13T08:25:00.000-08:00

Byzantine emperor who shared the imperial throne with his son-in-law Constantine VII and exercised all real power from 920 to 944. Romanus was admiral of the Byzantine fleet on the Danube when, hearing of the defeat of the army at Achelous (917), he resolved to sail for Constantinople. Soon after the marriage of his daughter Helena to Constantine he was crowned colleague of his

Biblical Literature, Theological and political biases

2005-01-12T04:57:00.000-08:00

Containing two primary sources, the book of Samuel is the result of the editorial skill of the Deuteronomic historians of the post-exilic period. The early source, which is pro-monarchical and may have been written by a single author, is found in I Samuel, chapter 9, verse 1, through chapter 10, verse 16, as well as chapter 11 and most of II Samuel. The chapters just noted were probably

Hadfield, Sir Robert Abbott, Baronet

2005-01-11T10:34:00.000-08:00

The son of a Sheffield steel manufacturer, Hadfield took an early interest in metallurgy and at the age of 24 became head of the family firm. In 1883 he took out

Waiuku

2005-01-10T11:21:00.000-08:00

Town, Auckland local government region, northern North Island, New Zealand. It lies along the Waiuku estuary, which is the southern arm of Manukau Harbour. The settlement was founded in 1843 as a port on the route between Auckland and the agricultural area of the Waikato River to the south. Its function as a trading centre ceased with the Waikato War of 1863 - 64, when it was made a stockade.

Passeriform, Incubation and parental care

2005-01-09T15:54:00.000-08:00

Passerines lay clutches of one to 14 eggs, clutch size being unrelated to the size of the bird. The largest species, the two lyrebirds (Menura), lay a single egg; some of the smaller titmice (Parus) have been recorded with the biggest clutches. In most passerines the female incubates the eggs alone, but in some groups - such as the antbirds (Formicariidae), certain grosbeaks (Pheucticus

Astor (of Hever Castle), Waldorf Astor, 2nd Viscount, Baron Astor Of Hever Castle

2005-01-08T17:24:00.000-08:00

He was the elder son of William Waldorf Astor, 1st Viscount Astor, and a great-great-grandson

Libyan Desert

2005-01-06T04:57:00.000-08:00

Arabic �As-sahra' Al-libiyah, � northeastern portion of the Sahara, extending from eastern Libya through southwestern Egypt into the extreme northwest of The Sudan. The desert's bare rocky plateaus and stony or sandy plains are harsh, arid, and inhospitable. The highest point is Mount Al-'Uwaynat (6,345 feet [1,934m]), located where the three countries meet; the Qattara Depression (Munkhafad al-Qattarah) of Egypt descends

Agnew, Spiro T.

2005-01-05T05:58:00.000-08:00

Agnew's Go Quietly or Else (1980) is a defense of his political career and an attack on officials of the Nixon administration. After the state of Maryland disbarred him in 1974, he became a consultant to foreign business concerns.

Antarctica, Post-IGY research

2005-01-04T11:58:00.000-08:00

In order to continue and coordinate the international Antarctic scientific effort in the post-IGY period, ICSU in September 1957 organized the Special Committee on Antarctic Research, or SCAR. (In 1961 the word Scientific was substituted for Special.) The foundations for the committee were laid at its first meeting in The Hague in 1958. SCAR, a nonpolitical body, coordinates not

Araliaceae

2005-01-03T17:11:00.000-08:00

The ginseng family of flowering plants, in the order Apiales, comprising approximately 700 species centred in Southeast Asia and tropical America. Most members are shrubs or trees, though there are a number of climbers and a few herbs. The family has large, usually alternate, compound leaves, five-parted flowers arranged in compound umbels (flat-topped clusters), and a

Baburen, Dirck Van

2005-01-02T22:45:00.000-08:00

After studying painting with a portraitist and history painter in Utrecht, Baburen traveled to Rome about 1612. His most important Italian commission was the decoration of a chapel in the

Waterfall

2005-01-01T02:02:00.000-08:00

Area where flowing river water drops abruptly and nearly vertically (see video). Waterfalls represent major interruptions in river flow. Under most circumstances rivers tend to smooth out irregularities in their flow by processes of erosion and deposition. In time, the long profile of a river (the graph of its gradient) takes the form of a smooth curve, steepest toward

Eakins, Thomas

2004-12-31T23:11:00.000-08:00

Eakins returned to Philadelphia in the summer of 1870. His earliest artistic subjects were his sisters and other members of his family and the family of his fianc�e, Katherine Crowell. Redolent with the character of each individual in an intimate and personal domestic setting - pensive young ladies at the piano, children engrossed with toys scattered on the floor, Katherine

Visitation

2004-12-30T07:26:00.000-08:00

The visit, described in the Gospel According to Luke (1:39 - 56), made by the Virgin Mary, pregnant with the infant Jesus, to her cousin Elizabeth. At the sound of Mary's greeting, the pregnant Elizabeth felt the infant St. John the Baptist leap in her womb, which, according to later doctrine, signified that he had become sanctified and cleansed of original sin. Mary then said the Magnificat

Cottonwood

2004-12-29T02:01:00.000-08:00

Several fast-growing trees of North America, members of the genus Populus, in the family Salicaceae, with triangular, toothed leaves and cottony seeds. The dangling leaves clatter in the wind. Eastern cottonwood (P. deltoides), nearly 30 metres (100 feet) tall, has thick glossy leaves. Perhaps natural hybrids between this and Eurasian black poplar (P.

Sara Lee Corporation

2004-12-28T19:01:00.000-08:00

The company was incorporated in 1941 as the South Street Company and went through several name changes before it adopted the name Consolidated Grocers Corporation in 1945 and Consolidated Foods Corporation

Kadare, Ismail

2004-12-27T10:04:00.000-08:00

The son of a post-office worker in the town of Gjirokast�r, Kadare studied at the University of Tiran� and later at the Gorky Institute of World Literature in Moscow until 1960. Upon returning to Albania, he became a journalist and also embarked on a literary career. He endured

Lagos

2004-12-26T01:22:00.000-08:00

State, southwestern Nigeria, on the coast of the Bight of Benin. It is bounded by the state of Ogun on the north and east, by the Bight of Benin on the south, and by the Republic of Benin on the west. From 1914 to 1954 the area included in the state was administered by the British as part of the colony of Nigeria. The provisions of the 1954 constitution led to the creation of the Federal Territory

Paedomorphosis

2004-12-25T15:32:00.000-08:00

Classic examples include certain amphibian species in which

Amis, Martin

2004-12-24T09:18:00.000-08:00

As a youth Amis, the son of the celebrated novelist Kingsley Amis, thrived literarily on a permissive home atmosphere and a �passionate street life.� He graduated from Exeter College, Oxford, in 1971 with first-class honours

Kuwait, Plant and animal life

2004-12-23T11:10:00.000-08:00

The harsh climate limits

France, History Of, The prewar years

2004-12-22T17:07:00.000-08:00

From 1899 to 1905 a fairly coherent coalition of left-wing and centre parties (the so-called Bloc R�publicain) provided France with stable government. The Cabinets headed by Waldeck-Rousseau in 1899 - 1902 and �mile Combes in 1902 - 1905 managed to liquidate the Dreyfus affair and to carry through the anticlerical reforms that culminated in the separation of church and state. The Entente Cordiale

Biblical Literature, Anagogical interpretation

2004-12-21T22:36:00.000-08:00

Anagogical (mystical or spiritual) interpretation seeks to explain biblical events or matters of this world so that they relate to the life to come. Jordan is thus interpreted as the river of death; by crossing it one enters into the heavenly Canaan, the better land, the �rest that remains for the people of God.� �The Jerusalem that now is� points to the new Jerusalem that

United States, The Radicals' plan

2004-12-20T09:48:00.000-08:00

Radical Republicans were outraged at these procedures, which savoured of executive usurpation of congressional powers, which required only minimal changes in the Southern social system, and which left political power essentially in the hands of the same Southerners who had led their states out of the Union. The Radicals put forth their own plan of Reconstruction in the Wade - Davis Bill, which Congress passed on July 2, 1864; it required not 10 percent but a majority of the white male citizens in each Southern state to participate in the reconstruction process, and it insisted upon an oath of past, not just of future, loyalty. Finding the bill too rigorous and inflexible, Lincoln pocket vetoed it; and the Radicals bitterly denounced him. During the 1864 - 65 session of Congress, they in turn defeated the president's proposal to recognize the Louisiana government organized under his 10 percent plan. At the time of Lincoln's assassination, therefore, the president and the Congress were at loggerheads over Reconstruction.

Insurance, Indirect losses

2004-12-19T07:31:00.000-08:00

An entirely different branch of the insurance business has been developed to insure losses that are indirectly the result of one of the specified perils. A prominent example of this type of insurance is business income insurance. The insurer undertakes to reimburse the insured for lost profits or for fixed charges incurred as a result of direct damage. For example,

Bream

2004-12-18T15:21:00.000-08:00

The

Fairchild, David Grandison

2004-12-17T20:58:00.000-08:00

In 1888 Fairchild graduated from Kansas State University of Agriculture, Manhattan, and, after some graduate work at the University of Iowa, Iowa City, and at Rutgers College (now the State University

Permafrost, Permafrost zones

2004-12-16T19:56:00.000-08:00

Permafrost is widespread in the northern part of the Northern Hemisphere, where it occurs in 85 percent of Alaska, 55 percent of Russia and Canada, and probably all of Antarctica. Permafrost is more widespread and extends to greater depths in the north than in the south. It is 1,500 metres (5,000 feet) thick in northern Siberia, 740 metres thick in northern Alaska, and thins progressively

Jehoshaphat

2004-12-15T13:37:00.000-08:00

Also called �Josaphat, �Hebrew �Yehoshaphat, � king (c. 873 - c. 849 BC) of Judah during the reigns in Israel of Ahab, Ahaziah, and Jehoram, with whom he maintained close political and economic alliances. Jehoshaphat aided Ahab in his unsuccessful attempt to recapture the city of Ramoth-gilead, joined Ahaziah in extending maritime trade, helped Jehoram in his battle with Moab, and married his son and successor, Jehoram, to Athaliah,

France, History Of, The formative years (1871 - 1905)

2004-12-14T13:13:00.000-08:00

The repression of the Paris Commune left its mark on the emerging republic. The various socialist factions and the newly organized labour movement were left leaderless; the resultant vacuum eventually opened the way to Marxist activists in the 1880s. Much of the working class became more deeply alienated than before, but, to the moderate and conservative elements,

Utopia Planitia

2004-12-13T20:57:00.000-08:00

Northern lava plain on the planet Mars that was selected as the landing site of the U.S. Viking 2 planetary probe. Photographs transmitted from the Viking 2 lander, which touched down at 47.97� N, 225.74� W, on September 3, 1976, depicted a boulder-strewn plain that superficially resembles the Viking 1 landing site in Chryse Planitia. Soil-sample analyses conducted by the landers show that the

Tsimshian

2004-12-12T03:35:00.000-08:00

Also spelled �Chimmesyan, � Indians of the North Pacific Coast of North America, inhabiting the mainland and islands around the Skeena and Nass rivers and Milbanke Sound in what is now British Columbia and Alaska. They speak any of three Tsimshian dialects: Niska, spoken along the Nass River; coastal Tsimshian, along the lower Skeena and the coast; and Kitksan (or Gitksan), along the upper Skeena.